Why Do I Get \'pinvokestackimbalance\' Exceptions When Calling a C DLL from C#?

PinvokeStackImbalance: Addressing the Exception

The "pinvokestackimbalance" exception arises when calling a C DLL from a C# application. In Visual Studio 2010, this exception is enabled by default, unlike in Visual Studio 2008. This exception highlights an underlying issue with the calling convention used in the interop scenario.

The problem lies in the mismatch between the calling convention specified in the DllImport attribute and the calling convention used in the C function. The DllImport attribute in the C# code defaults to CallingConvention.WinApi, while the C function is declared with the __cdecl calling convention.

To resolve the exception, you must modify the calling convention in the DllImport attribute to match the calling convention used in the C function. This can be done by adding the following attribute to the DllImport directive in the C# code:

<code class="csharp">[DllImport("ImageOperations.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]</code>

By specifying the correct calling convention, the interop process is streamlined, eliminating the "pinvokestackimbalance" exception. It's important to note that this exception is not an actual exception but a debugging assistant that helps identify potential issues in the interop code. However, it can hinder debugging efforts when encountered frequently.

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