Why is My JAVA_HOME Variable Undefined on macOS and How Do I Fix It?

Resolving the Undefined JAVA_HOME Variable in macOS

Introduction:

On recent versions of macOS, the Java runtime is no longer included by default. While it can be installed as an optional package, users may encounter an issue where the JAVA_HOME environment variable is not set correctly.

Problem:

Java applications rely on the JAVA_HOME variable to determine the location of the Java Development Kit (JDK). Without a proper setting, these applications may fail to run.

Solution:

To correct the JAVA_HOME variable, you can add the following lines to your ~/.bash_profile file:

export JAVA_HOME="(/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.6)"
export JAVA_HOME="(/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.7)"
export JAVA_HOME="(/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.8)"
export JAVA_HOME="(/usr/libexec/java_home)"

Note:

• The "-v" flag displays the full path to the JDK.
• If you installed OpenJDK through Homebrew, you'll need to run the following command:

sudo ln -sfn /usr/local/opt/openjdk/libexec/openjdk.jdk
/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/openjdk.jdk

Additional Information:

• The first three lines are specific to macOS High Sierra (10.13) and Mojave (10.14) with Oracle JDK.
• The fourth line is applicable to macOS Lion (10.7) to Sierra (10.12) with Apple Java or Oracle JDK.
• The JAVA_HOME variable should now be correctly set, allowing Java applications to run properly.

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