


What are the key differences between interfaces and abstract classes in Java?
Interface Definition in Java
An interface in Java provides a mechanism to define a contract between classes, specifying methods that must be implemented without providing their implementations. It's like a blueprint that defines the shape and structure of a building without specifying the materials.
Syntax
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Java assumes all methods within an interface are implicitly declared as public abstract. Therefore, you can省略 the public abstract keywords in your code.
Implementation
To implement an interface, a class must implement all of its methods:
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Multiple Implementations
Multiple classes can implement the same interface. This provides flexibility in defining contracts for different use cases.
Multiple Interfaces
A class can implement multiple interfaces, allowing it to adhere to different contracts simultaneously.
Difference from Abstract Classes
Interfaces and abstract classes share similarities but differ in two key aspects:
- Method Implementation: Interfaces cannot have method implementations, while abstract classes can.
- Multiple Inheritance: Classes can implement multiple interfaces but can only inherit from one abstract class.
Benefits of Interfaces
- Enforce contracts for classes to follow.
- Promote loose coupling between classes.
- Facilitate code reuse and extensibility.
- Allow for polymorphism, where objects with different implementations can be treated as having a common type.
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