When is `FLUSH PRIVILEGES` Crucial in MySQL?

MySQL: When is Flush Privileges in MySQL Essential?

When creating new database tables and assigning user permissions, it's common to encounter the question of whether the FLUSH PRIVILEGES command is necessary. While immediately adjusting privileges with GRANT may seem sufficient, a deeper understanding of when FLUSH PRIVILEGES is truly required is crucial.

When FLUSH PRIVILEGES is Unnecessary

• GRANT Permissions: Privileges granted using the GRANT command do not require FLUSH PRIVILEGES to take effect. MySQL promptly recognizes these changes and reloads the grant tables.

When FLUSH PRIVILEGES is Essential

• Direct Grant Table Modifications: Modifying the grant tables directly with INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statements does not affect privilege checking until either the server is restarted or FLUSH PRIVILEGES is executed. Neglecting to flush privileges can render changes ineffective.

In summary, FLUSH PRIVILEGES is not typically necessary for permissions changes made through the GRANT command. However, it becomes essential when modifying grant tables directly, as the server requires a prompt to reload the updated privileges. Understanding this distinction ensures efficient and effective privilege management in MySQL.

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