How to Convert JSON Data to Python Objects?

JSON data parsing in Python

Question:

How to convert JSON data to Python objects?

Background:

You receive a JSON data object from the Facebook API and want to store it in a database. The Django view you are currently using is represented by the following code:

response = request.POST
user = FbApiUser(user_id = response['id'])
user.name = response['name']
user.username = response['username']
user.save()

This works fine, but you want to know how to handle complex JSON data objects. You wish there was a way to convert that JSON object into a Python object for easier use.

Solution:

In Python 3 you can easily do this using SimpleNamespace and object_hook:

import json
from types import SimpleNamespace

data = '{"name": "John Smith", "hometown": {"name": "New York", "id": 123}}'

# 将JSON解析为带有对应于dict键的属性的对象。
x = json.loads(data, object_hook=lambda d: SimpleNamespace(**d))
print(x.name, x.hometown.name, x.hometown.id)

In Python 2 , you can use namedtuple and object_hook (but this method is very slow for large number of nested objects):

import json
from collections import namedtuple

data = '{"name": "John Smith", "hometown": {"name": "New York", "id": 123}}'

# 将JSON解析为带有对应于dict键的属性的对象。
x = json.loads(data, object_hook=lambda d: namedtuple('X', d.keys())(*d.values()))
print x.name, x.hometown.name, x.hometown.id

To easily reuse this function, you can use the following code:

def _json_object_hook(d): return namedtuple('X', d.keys())(*d.values())
def json2obj(data): return json.loads(data, object_hook=_json_object_hook)

x = json2obj(data)

If You want it to handle keys that are not valid property names, look at the rename parameter of namedtuple.

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