Why are find_element_by_* commands deprecated in Selenium Python libraries?

Deprecation of find_element_by_* Commands in Selenium

Earlier versions of Selenium Python libraries supported the use of find_element_by_* commands. However, in recent versions, these commands have been deprecated.

Error Message:

When using find_element_by_* commands in the latest Selenium Python libraries, you may encounter the following error message:

DeprecationWarning: find_element_by_* commands are deprecated. Please use find_element() instead

Reason for Deprecation:

The decision to depreciate find_element_by_* commands stemmed from the goal of simplifying Selenium APIs across different languages.

Solution:

To resolve this issue, you should switch to using the find_element() method instead of find_element_by_* commands.

# Previous code
button = driver.find_element_by_class_name("quiz_button")

# Updated code
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

button = driver.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "quiz_button")

Additional Notes:

Similarly, you will need to update other find_element_by_* commands as follows:

Old Command	New Command
find_element_by_id()	find_element(By.ID, ...)
find_element_by_name()	find_element(By.NAME, ...)
find_element_by_link_text()	find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, ...)
find_element_by_partial_link_text()	find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, ...)
find_element_by_tag_name()	find_element(By.TAG_NAME, ...)
find_element_by_css_selector()	find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ...)
find_element_by_xpath()	find_element(By.XPATH, ...)

Note: You should also update the plural versions (find_elements_by_*) accordingly.

Refer to the Selenium upgrade guide for more information on this change and others when upgrading to Selenium 4.

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