How to Resolve 'ImportError: No module named 'xyz'' When Using PyInstaller?

PyInstaller Spec File and Missing Modules Error

Problem:

When building a Python script using PyInstaller, you encounter the error "ImportError: No module named 'xyz'" after running the executable, indicating that a required module is missing.

Solution:

This error arises when your code includes dynamic imports, which are not automatically included in the executable by PyInstaller. To resolve this issue, you can implement one of the following approaches:

• Add Unused Imports: Explicitly import the missing modules in your code, even if they are not directly used. This ensures that PyInstaller recognizes and includes them in the executable.
• Add Module to Spec File: Alternatively, you can instruct PyInstaller to include a specific module by adding a new line to the spec file. The format is as follows:

a = Analysis([
    # ... your code ...
    'path/to/missing_module.py',
])

Onefile Option Clarification:

The --onefile option does not impact the inclusion of modules in the executable. Instead, it packages all generated files into a single executable file. However, the executable still unpacks the files to a temporary location when it is run, so it does not eliminate the need to address missing modules.

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