Why Choose Object Prototype Over Object Literal Notation for Method Definition in JavaScript?

The Difference Between new Object() and Object Literal Notation

Creating objects in JavaScript can be done in two ways: using the constructor-based new Object() syntax or the object literal notation. While both methods appear to achieve the same result, there is a significant difference when adding methods to objects.

Object Literal Notation

When using object literal notation, methods are defined within each individual object, leading to a potential waste of memory if numerous objects or methods are involved.

function Obj(prop) {
    return {
        p: prop,
        sayHello: function() {
            alert(this.p);
        },
    };
}

const foo = new Obj("hello");

Constructor-Based Syntax

In contrast, using the new Object() syntax, methods are defined in the object prototype and shared among all object instances, optimizing memory usage.

function Obj(prop) {
    this.p = prop;
}

Obj.prototype.sayHello = function() {
    alert(this.p);
};

const foo = new Obj("hello");

Advantages of Using Object Prototype

By utilizing the constructor-based syntax and object prototype, you gain the following advantages:

• Reduced memory consumption: Shared methods eliminate the need to store duplicate method definitions in each object.
• Easier code maintenance: Centralized methods in the prototype enable straightforward modifications for all instances.

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