How Can I Avoid Redundant Method Implementations When Using Go Interfaces?

Overcoming Redundancy in Implementing Methods for Different Types with Go Interfaces

In Go, interfaces provide a way to define common method signatures that can be implemented by different types. While this allows for polymorphism and code reuse, it can lead to redundant implementations when multiple types implement the same interface.

Consider the following scenario: we have two structs, First and Second, that both need to implement an interface A with a method PrintStr(). Implementing the method in each struct individually would be redundant.

type First struct {
    str string
}

type Second struct {
    str string
}

type A interface {
    PrintStr()
}

func (f First) PrintStr() {
    fmt.Print(f.str)
}

func (s Second) PrintStr() {
    fmt.Print(s.str)
}

Overcoming Redundancy

Instead of duplicating the implementation, we can create a base type that encapsulates the common functionality. This base type can then be embedded into both First and Second, allowing them to reuse the single implementation.

type WithString struct {
    str string
}

type First struct {
    WithString
}

type Second struct {
    WithString
}

type A interface {
    PrintStr()
}

func (w WithString) PrintStr() {
    fmt.Print(w.str)
}

This approach eliminates redundancy and maintains type safety. The base type WithString acts as a convenient way to group common functionality, which can be reused by multiple types.

Usage

To use the PrintStr() method, we simply create instances of First or Second and embed the WithString type.

a := First{
    WithString: WithString{
        str: "foo",
    },
}

Conclusion

By utilizing base types and embedding, we can streamline the implementation of methods for different types that implement the same interface. This approach promotes code reuse, reduces redundancy, and ensures type safety.

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