How to Measure Code Coverage for Go Unit Tests?

Measuring Test Coverage in Go

Question:

How does one measure code coverage for Go unit tests?

Answer:

In Go 1.2 and later, test coverage reporting is available. To enable it:

1. Instrument Test Code: Run go test -coverprofile= to automatically rewrite and instrument test code. Test coverage statistics are then displayed.
2. Generate Coverage Profile (Optional): Use go test -coverprofile= to create a coverage profile file.
3. Analyze Coverage Profile (Optional): Run go tool cover to analyze the profile file.

Additional Features:

• HTML Output: go tool cover -html= opens an HTML report in your default browser.
• Coverage for Non-Test Code: As of Go 1.19, code coverage can be extended to applications through go build -cover.
• Coverage for Integration Tests: In Go 1.20 and later, coverage can be extended to integration tests by feeding instrumented binaries into the test.
• Package-Level Blackbox Coverage: Use go test -coverpkg= to measure coverage for a specific package during blackbox testing.

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