How to Access Constants and Package-Level Variables When Shadowed by Local Variables in Go?

Referring to Constants and Package-Level Variables Inside Functions

In the provided Go code, within the main function, a local variable name is defined, which shadows the constant or package-level variable with the same name. This can lead to confusion and incorrect behavior.

Understanding Shadowing

In Go, when a new variable is declared within a function, it takes precedence over any other variable with the same name defined at a higher level (e.g., in a package-level scope). This is known as variable shadowing.

Resolution

To refer to the constant or package-level variable name within the main function, we can't directly use the identifier name as it denotes the function-level variable. Instead, we can use one of the following approaches:

• Saving the Constant or Variable Value: We can temporarily store the value of the constant or package-level variable in a local variable with a different name. For example:

const name = "Yosua"

func main() {
    localName := name
    name := "Jobs"
    fmt.Println(name) // Jobs
    fmt.Println(localName) // Yosua
}

• Providing a Getter Function: We can create a function that returns the value of the constant or package-level variable. For example:

const name = "Yosua"

func getName() string {
    return name
}

func main() {
    name := "Jobs"
    fmt.Println(name) // Jobs
    fmt.Println(getName()) // Yosua
}

Note

If a package-level variable is declared using var instead of const, it can be shadowed and reassigned within functions. In such cases, using one of the approaches above ensures that the original value is preserved.

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