How to Add Vertical Lines to Time-Series Plots in Matplotlib?

Adding Vertical Lines to Time-Series Plots

Problem:

Given a time-series plot, how can you draw vertical lines at specific time indices to mark significant events or intervals?

Solution:

Using the 'axvline' Function

Matplotlib's standard method for adding vertical lines that span the entire plot window is the 'axvline' function.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.axvline(x=0.22058956)
plt.axvline(x=0.33088437)
plt.axvline(x=2.20589566)

Alternatively, you can provide a list of time indices and iterate through it:

xcoords = [0.22058956, 0.33088437, 2.20589566]
for xc in xcoords:
    plt.axvline(x=xc)

Customization Options

You can customize the lines using these keywords:

• 'color': RGB values, html color names, or colored line styles (e.g. 'r' for red)
• 'linestyle': Solid, dotted, dashed, or dash-dotted lines (e.g. '-', '--', ':')
• 'linewidth': The line width in points
• 'ymin' and 'ymax': Coordinates to specify the beginning and end of the vertical line (in axes coordinates)

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