How to Escape the % Character in MySQL Queries Using Python?

Escaping % from MySQL Queries in Python

Using the % character in MySQL queries can lead to exceptions if not escaped properly. For instance, the following query:

query = """SELECT DATE_FORMAT(date_time,'%Y-%m') AS dd
FROM some_table
WHERE some_col = %s
AND other_col = %s;"""

cur.execute(query, (pram1, pram2))

will raise a "ValueError: unsupported format character 'Y'" exception because mysqldb interprets the % as a format specifier.

To resolve this issue, literal escaping is recommended by the mysqldb documentation. This involves doubling the % characters in the query string:

query = """SELECT DATE_FORMAT(date_time,'%%Y-%%m') AS dd
FROM some_table
WHERE some_col = %s
AND other_col = %s;"""

cur.execute(query, (pram1, pram2))

This will prevent mysqldb from interpreting the % characters as format specifiers, allowing the query to execute successfully.

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