How to Handle Exceptions Effectively with Python's Requests Module?

Catching Exceptions with Python's Requests Module

When using Python's Requests module to make HTTP requests, it's crucial to handle potential errors effectively. One common approach is to use the try/except block. However, it's essential to know the specific exceptions that Requests can raise.

What Exceptions Are Covered?

The try/except block provided covers errors related to network connectivity, such as DNS failures and refused connections. However, it does not cover all possible HTTP errors or timeout issues.

Types of Exceptions in Requests

Requests module raises various exceptions, primarily inheriting from the requests.exceptions.RequestException base class. Here's a summary:

• ConnectionError: Raised for network-related problems like DNS failures or refused connections.
• HTTPError: Raised for invalid HTTP responses.
• Timeout: Raised if a request times out.
• TooManyRedirects: Raised if the number of redirections exceeds the configured maximum.

Recommended Approach

To catch all potential errors in a generic way, you can catch the base RequestException. However, if you need to handle specific types of errors differently, you can use multiple except clauses.

try:
    r = requests.get(url, params={'s': thing})
except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
    raise SystemExit(e)  # Bail with an error message

Alternatively, you can handle HTTP errors separately using Response.raise_for_status().

try:
    r = requests.get(url, params={'s': thing})
    r.raise_for_status()
except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as err:
    raise SystemExit(err)  # Bail with an HTTP error message

Conclusion

Using the correct exceptions for error handling with the Requests module ensures that you catch all potential problems efficiently and handle them appropriately. By understanding the different exception types, you can tailor your error handling to specific requirements.

The above is the detailed content of How to Handle Exceptions Effectively with Python's Requests Module?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!