How Can I Dynamically Connect to Different Databases in Laravel?

Connecting to Databases Dynamically in Laravel

In Laravel applications, connecting to specific databases is typically configured through the database.php file in the config directory. However, in scenarios where database connections need to be established dynamically, this approach becomes impractical. This article explores how to achieve dynamic database connections in Laravel.

Creating Dynamic Connections

To create a new database connection dynamically, the DB class provides a convenient method. The following code snippet demonstrates how:

$config = [
    'host'      => 'localhost',
    'database' => 'dynamic_database',
    'username' => 'user',
    'password' => 'password',
];

DB::connection(null, $config);

This code sets up a new connection named null, which can be used by Eloquent models or other classes accessing the database.

Configuring Runtime Database Settings

Another approach is to configure the database settings at runtime. Laravel stores database settings in the database configuration. You can override these settings as follows:

Config::set('database.connections.dynamic', [
    'host'      => 'localhost',
    'database' => 'dynamic_database',
    'username' => 'user',
    'password' => 'password',
]);

By setting the connection name to dynamic in the above example, any Eloquent models using this connection will automatically use the new configuration.

Using a Service Provider

It is recommended to perform dynamic database connections in a Service Provider. This allows you to централизовать the configuration and register it as a part of the Laravel application's boot process.

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