How to Resolve the \'All Goroutines Are Asleep - Deadlock\' Error in Go?

Go: Fatal Error "All Goroutines Are Asleep - Deadlock" Explained

In Go, sending to an unbuffered channel blocks the sender until a receiver is available. In the provided code, the goroutine responsible for sending words to the file1chan channel is the only goroutine, and there's no receiver. Consequently, the sender is blocked indefinitely, leading to a deadlock.

Solution Using a New Goroutine:

One solution is to create a separate goroutine to handle the sending of words. This goroutine will not block the main goroutine and allows for concurrent execution.

func main() {
    f, _ := os.Open("D:\input1.txt")
    scanner := bufio.NewScanner(f)
    file1chan := make(chan string)
    go func() { // start a new goroutine that sends strings down file1chan 
        for scanner.Scan() {
            line := scanner.Text()

            // Split the line on a space
            parts := strings.Fields(line)

            for i := range parts {
                file1chan <- parts[i]
            }
        }
        close(file1chan)
    }()
    print(file1chan) // read strings from file1chan
}

Solution Using a Buffered Channel:

Another solution is to create a buffered channel, which allows multiple values to be sent and received concurrently. For the given problem, a buffer size of one is sufficient.

func main() {
    f, _ := os.Open("D:\input1.txt")
    scanner := bufio.NewScanner(f)
    file1chan := make(chan string, 1) // buffer size of one
    for scanner.Scan() {
        line := scanner.Text()

        // Split the line on a space
        parts := strings.Fields(line)

        for i := range parts {
            file1chan <- parts[i]
        }
    }
    close(file1chan) // we're done sending to this channel now, so we close it.
    print(file1chan)
}

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