How Can I Efficiently Draw Constantly Changing Graphics in Java?

How to Draw Constantly Changing Graphics in Java

Drawing constantly changing graphics can be a challenging task in Java, especially when aiming for smooth animations and efficiency. Let's dive into an improved solution that addresses the performance issues highlighted in the original question:

Separating Detection and Drawing

The initial code combined the tasks of detecting pixel colors and drawing the graphics. Separating these processes improves efficiency.

private void setColorAt(int x, int y, Color pixelColor) {
    model[x][y] = pixelColor;
    repaint(40 + x * STEP, 45 + y * STEP, 40 + (x * STEP) - 3, 45 + (y * STEP) - 3);
}

public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
    if (!SwingUtilities.isEventDispatchThread()) {
        throw new RuntimeException("Repaint attempt is not on event dispatch thread");
    }
    final Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
    //...

Fetching Pixels in Bulk

The original code retrieved pixel colors one at a time. By using robot.createScreenCapture(...), we can fetch all 64 pixels at once, reducing overhead.

final BufferedImage capture = robot.createScreenCapture(rect);

for (int x = 0; x < 8; x++) {
    for (int y = 0; y < 8; y++) {
        final Color pixelColor = new Color(capture.getRGB(x, y));
        //...
    }
}

Smart Clipping and Threading

Only the changed pixels should be redrawn. By using repaint() with specific coordinates, we limit the update to the affected areas. Additionally, ensuring all model and view updates happen on the Event Dispatch Thread prevents concurrency issues.

SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
    public void run() {
        view.setColorAt(finalX, finalY, pixelColor);
    }
});

The improved code showcases the benefits of these optimizations, resulting in significantly enhanced performance.

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