How to Deserialize Multiple JSON Message Types Efficiently in Go Websocket Using json.RawMessage?

Go Websocket: Deserialization of Multiple JSON Message Types Using json.RawMessage

When working with Gorilla websocket, handling incoming JSON messages of multiple types can present a challenge. Using the ReadJSON method for each type separately can be cumbersome. This article explores a solution that utilizes the json.RawMessage type to handle deserialization efficiently.

Problem:

How can we deserialize incoming JSON messages into different structs based on a control field in the JSON, without using multiple ReadJSON calls?

Solution:

Define a wrapper struct Messages with a Control field to indicate the type of the actual data and an X field of type json.RawMessage to hold the serialized data.

type Messages struct {
    Control string          `json:"control"`
    X       json.RawMessage `json:"X"`
}

Unmarshal the incoming JSON message into the Messages struct.

var m Messages
err := c.ReadJSON(&m)

Examine the Control field to determine the actual type of the data. Unmarshal the X field into the appropriate struct.

switch m.Control {
case "Foo":
    var foo Foo
    if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(m.X), &foo); err != nil {
       // handle error
    }
    // do something with foo

case "Bar":
   ... follow pattern for Foo
}

Using json.RawMessage allows for a generic approach to deserializing incoming messages of different types, simplifying the handling of multiple message types in a websocket application.

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