How to Import Classes from Files within the Same or Subdirectory in Python?

Importing Classes within a Directory or Subdirectory

Question:

In a directory containing Python files, how can classes from specific files be imported into another file within the same directory or subdirectory?

Answer:

Python 2

1. Create an empty __init__.py file in the same directory as the class files.

2. Import classes using the regular import statement:

   from user import User
   from dir import Dir

If the class files are in a subdirectory:

1. Create an __init__.py file in the subdirectory as well.

2. Use dot notation in the import statements:

   from classes.user import User
   from classes.dir import Dir

Python 3

1. Similar to Python 2, but prefix the module name with a . if not in a subdirectory:

   from .user import User
   from .dir import Dir

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