How Large Can Go\'s Goroutine Call Stack Grow Before Stack Overflow?

Go's Infinite Call Stack

In Go, unlike Node.JS, the call stack for goroutines does not have a fixed size. It starts small (around 4KB) and can grow or shrink as needed, creating the illusion of an "infinite" stack.

Answering the Questions

• Maximum Call Count Limit: While there is no direct call depth limit, there is a limit imposed by the stack memory limit. This limit is variable, but it's typically in the hundreds of MBs or even GBs.
• Anti-Pattern in Go: Excessive recursion can be an anti-pattern in Go, especially if it exhausts the stack memory limit and causes stack overflow errors.

Key Features of Go's Call Stack

• Goroutines automatically manage their stack size, growing or shrinking as required.
• There is a limit on the total stack memory usage, which can be reached with excessive recursion or deep nested function calls.
• Exceeding this limit results in a runtime error and program termination.

Example

The given Go example demonstrates the behavior:

• Originally, recursive calls up to 1000000 are allowed without error.
• However, increasing the recursion limit to 1e9 (1 billion) triggers a stack overflow error due to exhaustion of the stack memory limit.

Conclusion

Go's goroutines provide a flexible stack mechanism, allowing for large call stacks. However, it's important to avoid excessive recursion that could lead to stack memory depletion and program termination. Optimizing recursive algorithms or using alternative control structures (e.g., loops) can help prevent such issues.

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