How to Construct Complex Queries with Multiple OR and AND Conditions in Laravel Eloquent?

Querying with Multiple OR and AND Conditions in Laravel Eloquent

In Laravel Eloquent, constructing complex queries involving multiple OR and AND conditions can sometimes require careful consideration.

Query with OR and AND

To represent the following SQL statement using Eloquent:

WHERE (a = 1 OR b =1 ) AND (c = 1 OR d = 1)

Utilize logical grouping as introduced in Laravel 7.x/4.2:

Model::where(function ($query) {
    $query->where('a', '=', 1)
          ->orWhere('b', '=', 1);
})
->where(function ($query) {
    $query->where('c', '=', 1)
          ->orWhere('d', '=', 1);
});

In this example, the query joins two separate logical groups, where each group applies an OR condition to its respective set of columns. These logical groups are then joined using an AND condition.

Using Raw SQL for Complex Queries

For even more complex queries, using raw SQL might be necessary. This can be done using the DB::raw() method. For instance, to execute the same query as above using raw SQL:

$query = "SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE (a = 1 OR b = 1) AND (c = 1 OR d = 1)";
$results = DB::select(DB::raw($query));

Keep in mind that using raw SQL can bypass Eloquent's query builder protections and should be used cautiously, as it may lead to potential security vulnerabilities.

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