Why is `getline` not prompting for input after using `>>`, and how can I fix it?

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Addressing the Input Issue with getline

This code uses the getline function to read input after using the operator>> for other inputs. However, getline is not prompting the user for input and is instead using the initial value of 0 for the price variable.

The reason for this behavior is related to operator>> and getline. Operator>> is whitespace delimited, meaning it stops reading input when it encounters a whitespace character (such as a space or newline). When using operator>> to read an integer, the user may press the enter key to submit their input, leaving the newline character in the input buffer.

Subsequently, when getline is called, it immediately finds the newline character in the buffer and uses it to end the input, even before giving the user a chance to enter the actual price. To resolve this issue, there are two approaches:

1. Use ignore() or a Dummy getline Call

Before calling getline, use the ignore() function to clear the newline character from the input buffer. Alternatively, you can make a dummy call to getline() to remove the newline.

2. Use getline Exclusively

Instead of using operator>>, use getline for all inputs and convert the acquired strings to the desired data types using functions such as stoi() for integers and stod() for floats. This approach ensures data safety and robustness.

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