


How Can I Avoid Double Serialization When Returning JSON Data in FastAPI?
How JSON Data is Handled by FastAPI
The Pitfall of Double Serialization
When returning JSON data in FastAPI using json.dumps(), avoid double serialization. FastAPI performs automatic serialization behind the scenes, so invoking json.dumps() manually can lead to garbled output, visible as a string instead of JSON.
Options for Returning JSON Data
Option 1: Automatic Serialization
Simply return data as dictionaries, lists, etc. FastAPI will automatically convert it to JSON-compatible format using its built-in jsonable_encoder and wrap it in a JSONResponse. This approach ensures proper serialization and support for serialization of non-serializable objects like datetimes.
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Option 2: Custom Serialization
In specific scenarios, manual serialization may be necessary. In that case, consider returning a custom Response object with the media type set to application/json.
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Additional Considerations
- Customizing Status Code: Use the Response.status_code attribute to set a custom status code for JSON responses.
- Alternative JSON Encoders: Consider using faster third-party JSON encoders like Orjson for improved performance.
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