What\'s the Difference Between `width:100%` and `width:100vw` for Responsive Web Design?

Clarifying "Width:100%" vs "width:100vw"

When attempting to fit an iframe to the height of a screen, it's common to resort to using "100vh" since "width:100%" doesn't render perfectly, leaving an extra centimeter of space on the right side in Chrome on a laptop. However, to understand this discrepancy, let's delve into the true meanings behind "width:100vw" and "width:100%".

Understanding vw and vh

"vw" and "vh" represent "viewport width" and "viewport height", respectively. The viewport refers to the visible area of a document or page on a device's screen.

Distinction between "width:100%" and "width:100vw"

"Width:100%" makes an element occupy the entire available space within its container. On the other hand, "width:100vw" sets the element's width to the exact viewport width, including the document margin.

This means that if the document margin is non-zero, the element rendered with "width:100vw" will have a width slightly less than that rendered with "width:100%". Setting "body { margin: 0 }" will eliminate this difference.

Additional Benefits of "vw" and "vh"

Beyond addressing the limitation mentioned above, using "vw" and "vh" units offers several advantages:

• Proportional Scaling: Setting all website elements, including font sizes and heights, in "vw" units ensures proportional scaling based on the device's viewport width.
• Device Responsiveness: Using "1vw" for font sizing (or a suitable alternative) makes it effortless to ensure consistent display on both desktop and mobile devices.
• Framework Compatibility: Frameworks like Bootstrap utilize "rem" units, which work seamlessly with "vw" and "vh" for easy integration into existing projects.

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