How Can I Ensure Consistent Element Width Across Browsers?

Element Width and box-sizing:** Unifying Browser Behavior

In web design, the width of an element can become a source of confusion due to varying interpretations by different browsers. Internet Explorer and Firefox, for instance, have historically handled this aspect differently.

IE's Border-Box Model vs. FF's Content-Box Model

Traditionally, Internet Explorer employed the "border-box" model, where element width included both padding and borders. Therefore:

foo {

width: 10em;
padding: 2em;
border: 1em;
}

would render an element 10em wide.

In contrast, Firefox and other standards-compliant browsers defaulted to the "content-box" model. Here, element width excluded padding and borders. So, the same CSS would result in an element 16em wide:

foo {

width: 10em;
padding: 2em;
border: 1em;
}

Achieving Consistency

To harmonize the behavior across browsers, developers can employ the box-sizing property. By setting it to "border-box":

• {
  box-sizing: border-box;

or:<br>*{

box-sizing: border-box;
-moz-box-sizing: border-box;
-webkit-box-sizing: border-box

}

Modern standards-compliant browsers, including Firefox, can be forced to adopt the "border-box" model. This declaration also supports Opera and Webkit-based browsers like Chrome.

However, note that Webkit does not support the "padding-box" model via any declaration.

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