How Can I Preserve Integer and Float Data Types When Parsing JSON in Go?

Preserving Data Types in JSON Parsing: Integers as Integers, Floats as Floats

In Golang, parsing JSON records that contain a mix of integer and float values requires careful handling to maintain the original data types. However, the current implementation using the encoding/json package parses all numbers as floats, potentially leading to type conflicts in data storage.

To resolve this issue, we can employ several approaches:

1. Custom JSON Value Handling:

We can leverage the Go mechanism for custom JSON values to identify and handle integers and floats appropriately.

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    str := `{"a":123,"b":12.3,"c":"123","d":"12.3","e":true}`
    var raw map[string]json.RawMessage
    err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(str), &raw)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    parsed := make(map[string]interface{}, len(raw))
    for key, val := range raw {
        s := string(val)
        i, err := strconv.ParseInt(s, 10, 64)
        if err == nil {
            parsed[key] = i
            continue
        }
        f, err := strconv.ParseFloat(s, 64)
        if err == nil {
            parsed[key] = f
            continue
        }
        var v interface{}
        err = json.Unmarshal(val, &v)
        if err == nil {
            parsed[key] = v
            continue
        }
        parsed[key] = val
    }
    for key, val := range parsed {
        fmt.Printf("%T: %v %v\n", val, key, val)
    }
}

2. json.Number Type:

Go provides the json.Number type specifically designed for handling JSON numbers. This allows us to parse numbers as floats and then extract integers or floats as needed.

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    str := `{"a":123,"b":12.3,"c":"123","d":"12.3","e":true}`
    var parsed map[string]interface{}
    d := json.NewDecoder(strings.NewReader(str))
    d.UseNumber()
    err := d.Decode(&parsed)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    for key, val := range parsed {
        n, ok := val.(json.Number)
        if !ok {
            continue
        }
        if i, err := n.Int64(); err == nil {
            parsed[key] = i
            continue
        }
        if f, err := n.Float64(); err == nil {
            parsed[key] = f
            continue
        }
    }
    for key, val := range parsed {
        fmt.Printf("%T: %v %v\n", val, key, val)
    }
}

These approaches provide flexible ways to parse and preserve integer and float values in JSON, ensuring correct data representation in subsequent processing.

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