How to Make PDO Throw Exceptions Instead of Returning Error Codes?

How to Set PDO to Handle Errors with Exceptions?

In PHP, PDO is commonly used for database interaction. By default, PDO handles errors by returning error codes. However, you can configure PDO to throw exceptions instead. This ensures errors are handled explicitly, providing a cleaner way to manage database operations.

Use the setAttribute Method

The most common approach to enable exception handling in PDO is using the setAttribute method:

$dbh = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=myDatabase', 'username', 'password');
$dbh->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);

Constructor Configuration

An alternative method is to set the error mode in the PDO constructor:

$pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=someDatabase', 'username', 'password', array(
  PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION
));

PHP.ini or Config File

The PHP manual has no information on setting this option in a configuration file, such as php.ini. This suggests that dynamically setting the error mode via the aforementioned methods is the intended approach.

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