Why Does 100vw Cause Horizontal Overflow, and How Can I Fix It?

Horizontal Overflow with 100vw: Delving into the Why and Solution

The usage of 100vw, which stands for "100% of the viewport width," is intended to fill the visible screen width. However, when multiple elements with this width are used vertically, a strange phenomenon occurs: a horizontal scrollbar.

The Root Cause:

The key to understanding this issue lies in the behavior of web browsers with vertically overflowing content. When content exceeds the height of the viewport, a vertical scrollbar is added. However, in some browsers, this vertical scrollbar can also introduce a horizontal scrollbar due to the browser's internal calculations.

The Solution:

To prevent this unwanted horizontal scrollbar, the CSS property max-width: 100% can be added to the elements with 100vw width. This additional rule ensures that the elements' width never exceeds 100% of the viewport width, even if the content overflows vertically.

Revised Code:

.box {
    width: 100vw;
    height: 100vh;
    max-width: 100%;
}

By incorporating max-width: 100%, the horizontal scrollbar disappears, allowing multiple elements with 100vw width to fill the screen without any side effects.

Therefore, the horizontal overflow with 100vw only occurs when there are multiple elements with this width due to the browser's behavior with overflowing content. By adding max-width: 100%, this issue can be resolved, ensuring that the elements fill the screen without any horizontal overflow.

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