How Can Python's `os.path` Module Efficiently Extract Filenames from Various Paths?

Extract File Names from Paths: A Cross-Platform Solution

Extracting file names from paths can be a challenge, especially when dealing with different operating systems and path formats. Fortunately, Python offers a robust and versatile library for path manipulation: the os.path module.

The os.path.basename() function is specifically designed to extract file names from paths. It accepts a path as an argument and returns the file name as a string. The path can be absolute or relative, and can use any valid path format for the operating system.

Here are several examples of how os.path.basename() can be used to extract file names from various path formats:

>>> from os.path import basename

# Absolute paths
print(basename("/a/b/c/"))
print(basename("C:\a\b\c\"))

# Relative paths
print(basename("a/b/c"))
print(basename("..\a\b\c"))

# Paths with trailing slashes
print(basename("/a/b/c/"))
print(basename("C:\a\b\c\"))

# Paths with .. references
print(basename("a/b/../../a/b/c/"))
print(basename("a/b/../../a/b/c"))

# Output:
# c
# c
# c
# c
# c
# c
# c
# c

Note: When using os.path.basename() on a POSIX system to get the base name from a Windows-styled path (e.g. "C:\my\file.txt"), the entire path will be returned. This is due to the fact that Windows paths are not standardized in the same way as POSIX paths.

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