Why Doesn't Java Support Multiple Inheritance of Classes?

Why Is Multiple Inheritance Absent in Java?

In contrast to its allowance for multiple interface implementation, Java prohibits multiple inheritance. However, this disparity raises questions about the reasoning behind such a restriction.

Multiple Interfaces vs. Multiple Inheritance

Java permits multiple interface implementation because interfaces serve solely as protocols, defining the behaviors that a class should adhere to. They do not dictate how those behaviors are implemented.

Conversely, multiple inheritance involves inheriting from multiple classes, each potentially defining its own implementation details. This can lead to conflicts, as two inherited classes may specify different ways of performing the same task.

Conflict Resolution Dilemma

Without a clear mechanism to resolve these conflicts, the inheriting class would face an ambiguity: it cannot simultaneously adopt both conflicting implementations. Java's decision to disallow multiple inheritance stems from this fundamental problem.

To ensure code clarity and maintainability, Java restricts inheritance to a single parent class, preventing such conflicts and allowing subclasses to focus on a single implementation approach. However, through multiple interface implementation, developers can still leverage various functionalities and polymorphic behaviors from multiple protocols.

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