When Should I Return Structs vs. Pointers in Go?

The Proper Use of Pointers in Go

As a newcomer to Go, understanding when to utilize pointers can be a challenge. There are certain guidelines that can assist in making informed decisions about when to return structs versus pointers, and when to accept them as arguments.

When to Return Structs

• Passed into functions by value, creating a copy.
• Ideal when the structure is lightweight and modifications are not intended.

When to Return Pointers

• Accept structures by reference via pointer arguments.
• Use address-of operator when calling functions to pass by reference.
• Consider using pointers when the structure is large (rarely an issue) or when modifications are necessary.

Additional Considerations

• Always pass by value unless there is a specific reason to pass by reference.
• In Go, concurrency must be considered. Passing by reference in goroutines allows for simultaneous reading but also introduces the risk of simultaneous modifications. Therefore, careful consideration is necessary.

By adhering to these principles, you can effectively utilize pointers in Go and enhance your understanding of the language's capabilities.

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