How Can I Securely Connect to and Query a MySQL Database in Python?

Best Practices and Securest Way to Connect to MySQL and Execute Queries in Python

Avoiding SQL Injection: Execute Statements with Parameterized Queries

While connecting to a MySQL database in Python is vital, it's equally crucial to protect your system from SQL injection attacks. To mitigate these risks, the safest method is to utilize parameterized queries. This involves replacing user-supplied variables in SQL statements with placeholders (e.g., '%s').

Example and Dos and Don'ts

c = db.cursor()
max_price = 5
c.execute("SELECT spam, eggs, sausage FROM breakfast WHERE price < %s", (max_price,))

Don't do this:

c.execute("SELECT spam, eggs, sausage FROM breakfast WHERE price < %s" % (max_price,))

Key Points to Remember

• Use a comma when defining the placeholder, not a percent sign.
• Don't enclose the placeholder in single quotes.
• Pass the values as a tuple or a list as the second parameter.
• If the parameter is a string, let the driver manage the escaping.

By adhering to these best practices, you can ensure secure and effective connections and queries to your MySQL database.

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