Why is Laravel Throwing a 'PDOException: Could Not Find Driver in PostgreSQL' Error During Migration?

Laravel Error: "PDOException: Could Not Find Driver in PostgreSQL"

Problem:

When attempting to establish a connection to a PostgreSQL database using Laravel for a "php artisan migrate" command, the error "PDOException: Could Not Find Driver in PostgreSQL" appears. Despite defining the PostgreSQL connection parameters in the database.php file, the error persists.

Solution:

1. Configure the 'default' Key:
   Ensure that the 'default' key in the 'app/config/database.php' file is set to the name of the PostgreSQL connection, e.g., 'default' => 'postgres'.

2. Check PHP Extensions:
   Verify that the necessary PHP extensions are installed and enabled:

   • On Windows, uncomment the lines "extension=pdo_pgsql.so" and "extension=pgsql.so" in php.ini.
   • Ensure that 'extension_dir' in php.ini points to the correct directory containing the extensions.
   • Copy 'libpq.dll' from C:wampbinphpphp5. to C:wampbinapachebin and restart WampServer services.

3. Add PostgreSQL Bin Directory to PATH:
   If the error persists, add the PostgreSQL bin directory to the system PATH:

   • Navigate to "System Properties -> Advanced tab -> Environment Variables."
   • In the 'System variables' group, select 'PATH' and click 'Edit.'
   • Append the full path to the PostgreSQL bin directory to the end of the existing path entry.
   • Restart any command prompts or computer to apply the changes.

4. Additional Resources:

   • [Installing PECL Extensions on Windows](http://php.net/manual/en/install.pecl.windows.php)
   • [Installing PHP Extensions on Windows](http://webcheatsheet.com/php/install_and_configure.php#extsetup)

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