Which PHP Array Transformation Method is Fastest: foreach, array_map with Lambda, or array_map with Static Function?

Performance Comparison of Foreach, Array_Map with Lambda, and Array_Map with Static Function

This article evaluates the performance differences among three approaches for transforming an array: using foreach, using array_map with lambda/closure functions, and using array_map with 'static' functions/methods.

foreach

$result = array();
foreach ($numbers as $number) {
    $result[] = $number * 10;
}
return $result;

Map with lambda

return array_map(function($number) {
    return $number * 10;
}, $numbers);

Map with 'static' function, passed as string reference

function tenTimes($number) {
    return $number * 10;
}
return array_map('tenTimes', $numbers);

Performance Benchmarks

Benchmarks conducted using different PHP versions (5.6, 7, and HHVM) revealed the following results:

PHP Version	Foreach	MapClosure	MapNamed	MapClosureI	ForEachI
5.6	0.57	0.59	0.69	0.73	0.60
7	0.11	0.16	0.11	0.19	0.11
HHVM	0.09	0.10	0.10	0.11	0.09

In general, foreach and array_map with lambda functions exhibited similar performance. Array_map with static functions was slightly slower. Using closures with use statements introduced a noticeable performance penalty.

Conclusion

The choice between these approaches depends on the specific use case and factors such as code readability, maintainability, and performance. For simple transformations, foreach and array_map with lambda functions offer comparable performance and provide a concise syntax. For more complex transformations, array_map with static functions allows for a cleaner and reusable code structure, albeit with a potential performance trade-off.

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