Why Can't I Connect to My MySQL Database Remotely Even with a Host Wildcard (%)?

Connecting to MySQL Remotely: Troubleshooting Host Wildcard (%) Accessibility

When attempting to connect to a MySQL database remotely, users may encounter difficulties despite creating a user with host wildcard ('%'). To establish a successful remote connection, it is essential to configure specific settings and grant the necessary permissions.

Configuration and Permission Considerations:

1. Enable MySQL Remote Connections:

   • Ensure that the MySQL configuration file (my.cnf or my.ini) includes the "bind-address" parameter set to your machine's IP address.

2. Create User for Local and Remote Hosts:

   • Create the database user using the following commands:

     • CREATE USER 'username'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
     • CREATE USER 'username'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

3. Grant Permissions:

   • Grant the user full permissions on all databases:

     • GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'username'@'localhost';
     • GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'username'@'%';

4. Flush Privileges:

   • Execute FLUSH PRIVILEGES; to update the permission table.

5. Open Network Port:

   • On the operating system level, open port 3306 to allow incoming connections from remote hosts.

By completing these steps, you will successfully configure MySQL for remote access using the host wildcard ('%'), allowing you to connect to the database from any host with the specified credentials.

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