Home Web Front-end JS Tutorial Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters with Sliding Window Technique

Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters with Sliding Window Technique

Dec 10, 2024 am 11:14 AM

Let's break down the solution steps and see how each step works

We assume we received the following input:
Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters with Sliding Window Technique

We will create an empty set to store the letters we have encountered and a variable to keep the longest substring we have found.
Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters with Sliding Window Technique

Now, we will check if the value pointed to by right exists in the set. If it doesn't exist, we will add it to the set and move right one step forward. After that, we will update the longest substring by comparing the size of the set to the value stored in the longSubstr variable.
Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters with Sliding Window Technique

We will check if the value pointed to by right is in the set. We see that it is not, so we add it to the set and increment right by 1. After that, we take the max between the size of the set and the value in longSubstr.
Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters with Sliding Window Technique

We check if the value pointed to by right is in the set, meaning c is not in the set. So, we add it to the set, increment right by 1, and check the max substring.
Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters with Sliding Window Technique

Now, we check if the value pointed to by right, which is a, exists in the set. We see that it does, so we remove it from the set and move left one step forward.
Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters with Sliding Window Technique

The value pointed to by right is b, and it exists in the set.

Therefore, we move the left pointer one step forward and remove b from the set.
Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters with Sliding Window Technique

Now we see that b is in the set, so we remove the value pointed to by left and move left one step forward.
Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters with Sliding Window Technique

The value pointed to by right is c, and it exists in the set.
Therefore, we remove it from the set and move left one step forward.
Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters with Sliding Window Technique

We will continue with the same technique until step 17 and will get:
Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters with Sliding Window Technique

Here is a JavaScript implementation

function longestSubstring(s) {
  let left = 0
  let right = 0

  let maxSubstr = 0
  let set = new Set()

  while (right < s.length) {
    const currentChar = s[right]

    if (!set.has(currentChar)) {
      set.add(currentChar)
      right++
      maxSubstr = Math.max(maxSubstr, right - left) // Update max substring length
    } else {
      set.delete(s[left])
      left++
    }
  }

  return maxSubstr
}

let inputString = 'abcabcbb'
console.log(longestSubstring(inputString)) // Output: 3 ("abc")

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