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How Can I Efficiently Convert a Single Character Digit to an Integer in C/C ?

Linda Hamilton
Release: 2024-12-10 11:20:12
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How Can I Efficiently Convert a Single Character Digit to an Integer in C/C  ?

Converting a Single Character to an Integer

When dealing with numeric data stored as characters, it's crucial to convert them to integers for calculations. While atoi() allows for conversion from a string, this involves an unnecessary intermediate step.

Fortunately, there's a more efficient method based on the encoding of digits from 48 (for '0') to 57 (for '9'). This encoding applies across various encoding schemes, including ASCII and UTF-x.

Using this knowledge, you can subtract '0' (or 48) from the digit character to obtain its integer value:

char c = '1';
int i = c - '0'; // i is now equal to 1, not '1'
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Alternatively, you can use the equivalent:

char c = '1';
int i = c - 48; // i is now equal to 1, not '1'
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While both methods yield the desired result, the former is generally considered more readable. This technique effectively converts single characters to integers without the need for auxiliary string manipulation.

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