How Does Data Delivery Work in Go's Unbuffered Channels with Multiple Receivers?

Unbuffered Channels with Multiple Receivers: Determining Data Delivery

In goroutines, unbuffered channels implement a blocking mechanism for receivers until data becomes available. However, the behavior of blocking in the presence of multiple receivers on the same channel remains unclear.

Data Delivery Mechanism

Upon sending a value to a channel with multiple receivers, the language specifies that:

• A single random (non-deterministic) receiver will receive the data and unblock.

This means that the receiver that ultimately receives the data and unblocks is selected randomly, without any specific ordering or preference. This ensures fairness while eliminating the possibility of starvation for any particular receiver.

Language Specification Explanation

The specification of the select statement sheds light on this behavior:

1. Communications are evaluated upon entry into the select statement.
2. If multiple communications are viable, one is chosen randomly for execution.
3. The chosen communication is executed, and the left-hand side expressions of any receiver statements are evaluated and assigned the received value.

In the case of unbuffered channels with multiple receivers, the first communication that becomes available after the random selection will be the one that receives the data and unblocks.

Conclusion

For unbuffered channels with multiple receivers, the delivery of data to a receiver is random and non-deterministic, ensuring fairness among receivers without any specific ordering or preference.

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