How to Implement a Cross-Platform High-Resolution Timer in C ?

Cross-Platform High-Resolution Timer in C

Implementing a simple timer mechanism in C that works on both Windows and Linux with millisecond accuracy is a common task. To address this, C 11 introduces , which provides cross-platform support for high-resolution timers. Here's how you can achieve this:

Using :

#include <iostream>
#include <chrono>
#include "chrono_io"  // For ease of I/O

int main() {
  typedef std::chrono::high_resolution_clock Clock;
  auto t1 = Clock::now();
  auto t2 = Clock::now();
  std::cout << t2 - t1 << '\n';
}

Improved Precision with Workaround:

However, if you encounter high latency in subsequent calls to std::chrono::high_resolution_clock (as observed on VS11), a workaround exists that utilizes inline assembly and hardwires the machine's clock speed.

Custom Implementation (Intel-Specific):

#include <chrono>

struct clock {
  typedef unsigned long long rep;
  typedef std::ratio<1, 2800000000> period;  // Machine-specific clock speed
  typedef std::chrono::duration<rep, period> duration;
  typedef std::chrono::time_point<clock> time_point;
  static const bool is_steady = true;

  static time_point now() noexcept {
    unsigned lo, hi;
    asm volatile("rdtsc" : "=a"(lo), "=d"(hi));
    return time_point(duration(static_cast<rep>(hi) << 32 | lo));
  }

  static bool check_invariants() {
    static_assert(1 == period::num, "period must be 1/freq");
    static_assert(std::is_same<rep, duration::rep>::value,
                  "rep and duration::rep must be the same type");
    static_assert(std::is_same<period, duration::period>::value,
                  "period and duration::period must be the same type");
    static_assert(std::is_same<duration, time_point::duration>::value,
                  "duration and time_point::duration must be the same type");
    return true;
  }

  static const bool invariants = check_invariants();
};

Using the Custom :

using std::chrono::nanoseconds;
using std::chrono::duration_cast;
auto t0 = clock::now();
auto t1 = clock::now();
nanoseconds ns = duration_cast<nanoseconds>(t1 - t0);

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