How to Customize Package Variables in Go Using `-ldflags -X`?

Customizing Package Variables Using -ldflags -X in Go

As developers in the evolving world of Go programming, we often encounter scenarios where we need to customize package variables during the build process. This question focuses on setting package variables within a specific package, rather than the main package, using the -ldflags -X option.

Problem Statement

A developer encountered the need to set a Version variable within a package named config, instead of the default main package. Using the -ldflags "-X main.Version=1.0.0" command, they were able to set the variable in the main package, but not within the config package.

Solution

According to the Go documentation for the Command link, -X importpath.name=value sets the value of the string variable in importpath named name to value. The import path, as opposed to just the package name, must be specified.

Therefore, to set the Version variable in the config package, the correct command would be:

go build -ldflags "-X my/package/config.Version=1.0.0" -o $(MY_BIN) $(MY_SRC)

Where my/package/config is the full import path of the config package.

By utilizing this approach, developers can conveniently set package variables in any desired package during the build process, enabling greater flexibility and customization in their Go applications.

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