How to Bundle Data Files Correctly with PyInstaller's --onefile Option?

PyInstaller Data Bundling with --onefile: Addressing Missing Resources

In the process of creating a compact executable (EXE) with PyInstaller using the '--onefile' flag, users often encounter challenges in bundling additional data files such as images or icons. This issue arises where the compiled EXE fails to locate the referenced resources.

One particular solution, as proposed by Shish, involved setting an environment variable before the run method in the script:

import os
os.environ["IMAGE_PATH"] = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), "images")

This approach, however, may not work with newer versions of PyInstaller. Instead, an alternative solution is to utilize the sys._MEIPASS variable, which provides the path to the temporary directory created by PyInstaller during runtime:

def resource_path(relative_path):
    """ Get absolute path to resource, works for dev and for PyInstaller """
    try:
        # PyInstaller creates a temp folder and stores path in _MEIPASS
        base_path = sys._MEIPASS
    except Exception:
        base_path = os.path.abspath(".")

    return os.path.join(base_path, relative_path)

By defining a custom function like this, you can dynamically retrieve the absolute path to your data files regardless of whether you are running the script in development mode or as a compiled EXE. Remember to specify the relative path to your resource within the relative_path parameter.

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