How Can I Encode and Decode Strings Using Base64 in JavaScript?

Encoding Strings to Base64 in JavaScript

Encoding strings to Base64, a binary-to-text encoding scheme, is a common task in JavaScript. However, for developers unfamiliar with binary data, it can be a challenge.

Base64 Encoding in JavaScript

To encode a string to Base64 in JavaScript, you can utilize the built-in function btoa(). This function receives a string of characters in UTF-16 format and returns a Base64-encoded string.

const string = "Hello, world!";
const encodedString = btoa(string);
console.log(encodedString);

Understanding btoa()

• btoa() assumes that the input string consists of 8-bit characters. If it contains characters that cannot be represented in 8 bits, an exception may be thrown.
• The output of btoa() is a Base64-encoded string, which can be viewed and transmitted as text.
• To decode a Base64-encoded string, you can use the atob() function.

Example Usage

const encodedString = btoa("My binary data");
const decodedString = atob(encodedString);
console.log(decodedString); // Outputs: My binary data

Consideration for Older Browsers

Note that btoa() and atob() are not supported in older browsers. You can consult the Can I Use website (https://caniuse.com) to check compatibility.

By leveraging the btoa() function, you can easily encode strings to Base64 in JavaScript, allowing for secure data transmission and storage.

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