Why Do I Get 'package XXX is not in GOROOT' When Building My Go Project?

"Package XXX is Not in GOROOT" When Building a Go Project

Issue:
When attempting to build a Go project, the error message "package XXX is not in GOROOT" may appear.

Solution:

In newer versions of Go (post 1.13), environment variables like GOPATH, GOBIN, etc., are no longer necessary. Instead:

• Ensure a go.mod file exists at the project root, which designates the directory as a Go module.
• Initialize the module using go mod init remote-repo.com/username/repository.
• Specify the full package path when running commands, such as go COMMAND package_path/xxx. This prevents the compiler from assuming the package is in GOROOT.
• Go uses the project workspace or current working directory for packages that are not part of the Go SDK.
• To install an executable binary, use go install.
• To compile an executable in the current directory, use go build.

Workflow:

1. Initialize the Go module at the project root using go mod init.
2. Run tests using go test -v ./... (recursively) or go test -v ./xxx (for a specific package).
3. Compile and execute the package using go run ./... (recursively) or go run ./xxx (for a specific package).

Code Example for Version 1:

add.go:

package main

func addition(x int, y int) int {
    return x + y
}

add_test.go:

package main

import "testing"

func TestAdd(t *testing.T) {

    t.Run("adding two positive numbers", func(t *testing.T) {
        sum := addition(2, 2)
        expected := 4

        if sum != expected {
            t.Errorf("Expected %d; but got %d", expected, sum)
        }
    })

    t.Run("adding two negative numbers", func(t *testing.T) {
        sum := addition(-3, -4)
        expected := -7

        if sum != expected {
            t.Errorf("Expected %d; but got %d", expected, sum)
        }
    })

    t.Run("adding one positive and one negative integer", func(t *testing.T) {
        sum := addition(1, -3)
        expected := -2

        if sum != expected {
            t.Errorf("Expected %d; but got %d", expected, sum)
        }
    })

}

main.go:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    var num1 int = 1
    var num2 int = 2

    sum := addition(num1, num2)
    product := multiplication(num1, num2)

    fmt.Printf("The sum of %d and %d is %d\n", num1, num2, sum)
    fmt.Printf("The multiplication of %d and %d is %d\n", num1, num2, product)
}

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