How to Serve Static Content from the Root Directory and a Homepage Handler in Go?

Serve Static Content from Root While Maintaining Homepage Handler

In Golang, serving static content from the root directory and handling the homepage with a dedicated handler poses a challenge.

Traditionally, a simple web server would use http.HandleFunc to register the homepage handler like this:

http.HandleFunc("/", HomeHandler)

However, when attempting to serve static content from the root directory using http.Handle, a panic occurs due to duplicate registrations for "/".

Alternative Approach: Serve Explicit Root Files

One solution is to avoid using http.ServeMux and instead explicitly serve each file in the root directory. This approach works well for mandatory root-based files like sitemap.xml, favicon.ico, and robots.txt.

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)

func HomeHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    fmt.Fprintf(w, "HomeHandler")
}

func serveSingle(pattern string, filename string) {
    http.HandleFunc(pattern, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        http.ServeFile(w, r, filename)
    })
}

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", HomeHandler) // homepage

    // Mandatory root-based resources
    serveSingle("/sitemap.xml", "./sitemap.xml")
    serveSingle("/favicon.ico", "./favicon.ico")
    serveSingle("/robots.txt", "./robots.txt")

    // Normal resources
    http.Handle("/static", http.FileServer(http.Dir("./static/")))

    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

This approach ensures that only specific root-based files are served explicitly, while other resources can be moved to a subdirectory and served via the http.FileServer middleware.

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