How to Implement a Database Connection Timeout in Java?

How to Set a Timer in Java

This question seeks to understand how to set a timer in Java, specifically for establishing a database connection with a timeout limit.

Setting a Timer

To create a timer, use the java.util.Timer class:

Timer timer = new Timer();

For a one-time task, schedule it with:

timer.schedule(new TimerTask() {
  @Override
  public void run() {
    // Your database code here
  }
}, 2*60*1000); // 2 minutes in milliseconds

For a repeating task, schedule it with:

timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(new TimerTask() {
  @Override
  public void run() {
    // Your database code here
  }
}, 2*60*1000, 2*60*1000); // 2 minutes interval

Timeout for Database Connection

To implement the timeout functionality, use an ExecutorService:

ExecutorService service = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();

try {
    Runnable r = new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            // Database task
        }
    };

    Future<?> f = service.submit(r);

    f.get(2, TimeUnit.MINUTES); // Attempt task for 2 minutes
} catch (TimeoutException e) {
    // Task timed out
} finally {
    service.shutdown();
}

If the database connection succeeds or fails within 2 minutes, the task will execute normally. Otherwise, a TimeoutException will be thrown. However, the task will continue running in the background, so keep that in mind.

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