How Can I Rename Columns in a Pandas DataFrame?

Renaming Column Names in Pandas

To change the column labels of a Pandas DataFrame, a number of methods are available.

Rename Specific Columns

Use the df.rename() function to specify the columns to be renamed:

df = df.rename(columns={'oldName1': 'newName1', 'oldName2': 'newName2'})

# Or rename the existing DataFrame
df.rename(columns={'oldName1': 'newName1', 'oldName2': 'newName2'}, inplace=True)

Reassign Column Headers

Use df.set_axis() with axis=1 to reassign the column headers:

df2 = df.set_axis(['V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z'], axis=1)

Headers can also be assigned directly:

df.columns = ['V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z']

Minimal Code Example

To rename the columns of a DataFrame from ['a', '$b', '$c', '$d', '$e'] to ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']:

import pandas as pd

df = pd.DataFrame('x', index=range(3), columns=list('abcde'))
df2 = df.rename(columns={'$b': 'b', '$c': 'c', '$d': 'd', '$e': 'e'})

print(df2)

Output:

   a  b  c  d  e
0  x  x  x  x  x
1  x  x  x  x  x
2  x  x  x  x  x

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