How Can I Securely Hash Passwords in PHP Using bcrypt?

Using bcrypt for Password Hashing in PHP

bcrypt is a secure password hashing function that's highly recommended for storing passwords. It's slow and uses a large number of rounds, making it difficult for attackers to brute-force passwords. Additionally, it uses per-password salts to prevent rainbow tables.

bcrypt in PHP

PHP doesn't have a built-in bcrypt function. However, there are multiple options available:

• PHP 5.5 and above:

  password_hash('password', PASSWORD_DEFAULT); // Default settings
  password_hash('password', PASSWORD_BCRYPT, [
     'cost' => 11, // Set the number of rounds
  ]);

• PHP 5.3.7 to 5.5 (and RedHat PHP 5.3.3 ):

  • Install the compatibility library from GitHub.
  • Usage is the same as PHP 5.5 .

• PHP versions before 5.3.7:

  • Deprecated: Use the crypt() function, but be aware that this method is not as secure as the options above.

Example:

$bcrypt = new Bcrypt(15);
$hash = $bcrypt->hash('password');
$isGood = $bcrypt->verify('password', $hash);

Benefits of bcrypt

• Scalable with hardware (configurable number of rounds)
• Slowness makes brute-force attacks difficult
• Per-password salts prevent rainbow tables
• Requires the salt, rounds, and password for verification

Remember, always store the salt along with the hashed password. Never store the plaintext password in a database or any other shared resource. By using bcrypt, you can protect your users' passwords efficiently and securely.

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