What Does 'Connect Timeout' Mean in a SQL Server Connection String?

What is "Connect Timeout" in SQL Server Connection String?

A SQL Server connection string contains various parameters, including "Connect Timeout," which plays a crucial role in database connectivity. This article delves into the meaning of "Connect Timeout" and its impact on database connections.

Understanding Connect Timeout

In a connection string, the "Connect Timeout" value specifies the maximum time (in seconds) a client application will wait for a connection to a SQL Server database to be established. If the connection is not established within the specified timeout period, an exception is raised, and the connection attempt fails.

Purpose of Connect Timeout

The primary purpose of the "Connect Timeout" parameter is to prevent applications from locking indefinitely while attempting to establish a database connection. It acts as a safeguard against potential network issues or server unavailability. By setting an appropriate timeout value, developers can ensure that applications do not become unresponsive due to prolonged connection attempts.

How Connect Timeout Differs from Command Timeout

It's important to note that the "Connect Timeout" parameter is distinct from the "Command Timeout" setting. While "Connect Timeout" refers to the time it takes to establish the initial connection, "Command Timeout" specifies the maximum duration for individual SQL commands executed over an existing connection.

Configuring Connect Timeout

The default value for "Connect Timeout" in SQL Server is 15 seconds; however, this can be modified to suit specific requirements. Developers can adjust the timeout value by explicitly specifying it in the connection string, as seen in the example provided:

Data Source=(LocalDB)\v11.0;AttachDbFilename=C:\Users\myUser\Desktop\adoBanche\Banche\bin\Debug\banche.mdf;Integrated Security=True;Connect Timeout=30

In this example, the "Connect Timeout" has been set to 30 seconds, allowing the connection attempt to take up to 30 seconds.

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