How Should I Name Go Test Packages for White-Box vs. Black-Box Testing?

Package Naming for Go Testing: White-box vs. Black-box

White-Box vs. Black-Box Testing

When selecting a package naming strategy for testing in Go, you must consider whether you prefer white-box or black-box testing.

White-box testing involves testing the internal implementation of a function or method, while black-box testing treats the function or method as a black box and focuses on testing the external behavior.

Package Naming Strategies

The three package naming strategies you mentioned differ based on whether the test code is in the same package as the code under test:

Strategy 1: Test code and code under test are in the same package (e.g., package myfunc for both).

Strategy 2: Test code and code under test are in different packages (e.g., package myfunc for the code under test and package myfunc_test for the test code).

Strategy 3: Variant of Strategy 2, imported using dot notation (e.g., import . "myfunc").

Pros and Cons

Strategy 1 (White-box Testing):

• Pros: Access to non-exported identifiers
• Cons: Requires package naming consistently across tests and app

Strategy 2 (Black-box Testing):

• Pros: Ensures only exported identifiers are being tested
• Cons: Testing non-exported identifiers requires modifying the code under test

Strategy 3 (Black-box Testing with Dot Import):

• Pros: Similar to Strategy 2, but allows for more flexibility in test code organization
• Cons: Requires conscious effort to avoid importing non-exported identifiers

Recommendation

Consider your testing needs and the granularity required for your tests before choosing a strategy. For black-box testing, Strategy 2 or 3 is recommended. For white-box testing, Strategy 1 is recommended. You can also combine strategies within a project for different testing requirements.

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