How Can I Get a Program's Directory in C/C Across Different Platforms?

Obtaining the Program's Directory in C/C Across Platforms and File Systems

In many scenarios, it becomes necessary to determine the directory from which a program is running. This information can be valuable for various purposes, such as accessing configuration files or logging. However, obtaining this directory in a platform-agnostic and filesystem-agnostic manner can pose a challenge.

Standard Approaches

The standard C/C library, unfortunately, does not provide a standard function for this purpose. For platform-specific solutions, the situation is as follows:

Windows

On Windows systems, the GetModuleFileName function can be used to retrieve the full path to the executing application.

char pBuf[256];
size_t len = sizeof(pBuf);
int bytes = GetModuleFileName(NULL, pBuf, len);
return bytes ? bytes : -1;

Linux

For Linux systems, the readlink function can be utilized to read the symbolic link pointing to the executing program.

char pBuf[256];
size_t len = sizeof(pBuf);
int bytes = MIN(readlink("/proc/self/exe", pBuf, len), len - 1);
if (bytes >= 0)
    pBuf[bytes] = '';
return bytes;

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